conflict

How can Europe protect its skies against 'escalating' drone menace?

BY FABIEN ZAMORA

  • There are many sites that need to be protected -- not just civilian airports, but also military sites, sensitive industries such as those involved in European support for Ukraine, and power plants.
  • Drones flying over airports, commercial sites and other sensitive infrastructure in Europe is a growing phenomenon which EU leaders blame on Russia, and preventing the disruption they cause will prove a tough technical challenge, observers say.
  • There are many sites that need to be protected -- not just civilian airports, but also military sites, sensitive industries such as those involved in European support for Ukraine, and power plants.
Drones flying over airports, commercial sites and other sensitive infrastructure in Europe is a growing phenomenon which EU leaders blame on Russia, and preventing the disruption they cause will prove a tough technical challenge, observers say.
Detecting the drones, making them non-operational by jamming them, or even shooting them down, are all complex and hazardous tasks. And while Russian involvement is suspected, it is difficult to prove.
Concerns are growing that such disruptions could be part of Russian hybrid war tactics three-and-a-half years into its invasion of Ukraine, as most European countries double down on their support for Kyiv including by delivering military hardware.
In early October, drones spotted over the German city of Munich twice shuttered the city's airport, with Chancellor Friedrich Merz saying "our suspicion is that Russia is behind most of these drone flights".
This followed similar incidents around airports in the Norwegian capital Oslo, Copenhagen and other Danish cities.
In France, several drones were spotted flying over the military base of Mourmelon-le-Grand in the northeast of the country earlier this week, the French military told AFP.
The drones were small and not piloted by French military personnel, the regional branch of the army said, describing the incident as "exceptional".

'Trying to humiliate us'

European Commission head Ursula von der Leyen said the incidents amounted to a "coherent and escalating campaign".
"Two incidents are coincidence, but three, five, 10 -- this is a deliberate and targeted grey-zone campaign against Europe, and Europe must respond," she told EU lawmakers on Wednesday.
French forces earlier this month boarded a tanker off western France that has been linked to the mysterious drone flights.
Its captain and first mate were detained but later released, and the vessel was able to head towards the Suez Canal.
"At this stage, it's just to annoy us, it's part of the Russians' displays of hostility. They're trying to humiliate us," said a French security source, requesting not to be named.
The source emphasised that it was difficult to prove Moscow's involvement. 
They said France has seen increased drone overflights of military installations, industrial sites and other sensitive locations over the past few weeks, but authorities are unsure who is controlling them.
In some cases, there could be other explanations.
At Mourmelon, a vast military site, "we could very well have a father who buys a Chinese drone that doesn't include the 'no-fly zone' in its system, who doesn't read the instructions and goes to the nearby forest for the weekend and ends up in the middle of a prohibited zone", said Thierry Berthier, scientific director of the European professional federation for security drones, Drones4Sec.

'Not far from confrontation'

Whatever their origin, countering the drones is not going to be easy.
There are many sites that need to be protected -- not just civilian airports, but also military sites, sensitive industries such as those involved in European support for Ukraine, and power plants.
Jamming is an effective but potentially fraught measure in populated areas. "You risk jamming a lot of things," Berthier warned.
A drone can be shot down or intercepted with another drone, but this is risky. At the end of September, the Danish authorities decided not to shoot them down for the safety of civilians.
There are also legal constraints.
In France, "only a government agency can neutralise a drone," said the security source, meaning that a private company would not be allowed to disable a drone by jamming it.
In Germany, the government must clear up a legal limbo to allow the police to shoot down threatening drones.
Lorenzo, a French naval sailor on an exercise in the Mediterranean who did not give his last name in line with French military custom, told AFP it was "very difficult" to shoot down a drone.
He said this as he stood behind his 12.7-calibre machine gun which has a range of 900 metres (2,950 feet) and fires 500 rounds per minute.
While most European countries strongly support Ukraine, leaders including French President Emmanuel Macron have consistently stressed they are not a "belligerent" party in the conflict.
"We are no longer completely in peacetime because we are both in peacetime and not far from confrontation," Admiral Nicolas Vaujour, chief of staff of the French Navy, said Wednesday, complaining of obstacles preventing the deployment of defence resources.
"At some point, (we have to ask,) are we defending or not?"
fz-mra-sjw/ah/gv/rmb/mjw

children

EU grills Apple, Snapchat, YouTube over risks to children

BY RAZIYE AKKOC

  • - 'Pressing need' - In a parallel push on child protection, EU telecoms ministers discussed age verification on social media and what steps they can take to make the world online safer for minors.
  • The EU Friday demanded digital giants including Snapchat and YouTube explain how they are protecting children from online harm, as all but two member states signalled openness to restricting social media access for minors.
  • - 'Pressing need' - In a parallel push on child protection, EU telecoms ministers discussed age verification on social media and what steps they can take to make the world online safer for minors.
The EU Friday demanded digital giants including Snapchat and YouTube explain how they are protecting children from online harm, as all but two member states signalled openness to restricting social media access for minors.
The European Union has stringent rules regulating the digital space, including what children should be able to see, but there is increasing concern that more needs doing.
Inspired by Australia's social media ban for under-16s, Brussels is analysing whether to set bloc-wide limits on minors' access to platforms -- with 25 of 27 EU countries coming out Friday in support of at least studying such a measure.
Europe's biggest weapon for ensuring platforms tackle illegal content and keep children safe online is the Digital Services Act, which has sparked censorship claims from the US tech sector and retaliation threats from President Donald Trump.
Now, as part of "investigative actions" under the DSA, the European Commission has sent a request for information to Snapchat about what steps it is taking to prevent access for children under 13.
The commission has also asked Apple's App Store and the Google Play marketplace to provide details on measures taken to prevent children downloading illegal or harmful apps -- for example, those with gambling services or sexual content.
The EU wants to know in particular how Apple and Google stop children downloading tools to create non-consensual sexualised content -- so-called "nudify apps" -- as well as how they apply apps' age ratings.
"Privacy, security and safety have to be ensured, and this is not always the case, and that's why the commission is tightening the enforcement of our rules," tech chief Henna Virkkunen said before EU ministers met in Denmark.
A request for information can lead to probes and even fines, but does not in itself suggest the law has been broken, nor is it a move towards punishment.

Multiple probes

Regarding Snapchat, Brussels wants to know how the messaging app stops users from buying drugs and vapes.
A Snapchat spokesperson said the company was "deeply committed" to ensuring safety on its platform and would provide the information requested.
Snapchat said the company had already "built privacy and safety features" to reduce "risks and potential harms".
Brussels also wants YouTube -- owned by Google parent Alphabet -- to provide details on its recommender system, "following reporting of harmful content being disseminated to minors", the commission said.
Google said it had "robust controls for parents", and "security and protections for younger users", adding it would keep expanding its efforts.
Separately, the EU is investigating Meta's Facebook and Instagram, as well as TikTok, over fears they are not doing enough to combat the addictive nature of their platforms for children.

'Pressing need'

In a parallel push on child protection, EU telecoms ministers discussed age verification on social media and what steps they can take to make the world online safer for minors.
European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen personally supports such a move, and Brussels is setting up an experts' panel to assess what steps could be taken at the EU level.
Twenty-five of the EU's 27 countries alongside Norway and Iceland signed a declaration backing von der Leyen's plans to study a potential bloc-wide digital majority age, and on the "pressing need" to shield minors online.
Belgium and Estonia did not sign the statement. A Belgian diplomat said the country was committed to protecting children online but wanted to keep an open mind about what tools to use.
Estonia was more outspoken, saying it prioritised "digital education and critical thinking over access bans".
Denmark is planning to introduce a ban on social media for children under the age of 15, which France has also sought to do.
raz/ec/rlp

education

Austria finds Microsoft 'illegally' tracked students: privacy campaign group

  • In a statement on Friday, Noyb announced that the regulator had issued a decision this week, which "finds that Microsoft 365 Education illegally tracks students and uses student data for Microsoft's own purposes".
  • Austria's data protection authority has determined that Microsoft "illegally" tracked students using its education software and must grant them access to their data, a privacy campaign group said Friday.
  • In a statement on Friday, Noyb announced that the regulator had issued a decision this week, which "finds that Microsoft 365 Education illegally tracks students and uses student data for Microsoft's own purposes".
Austria's data protection authority has determined that Microsoft "illegally" tracked students using its education software and must grant them access to their data, a privacy campaign group said Friday.
Austria-based privacy campaign group Noyb (None of Your Business) in 2024 lodged a complaint against the company, accusing its Microsoft 365 education software of violating EU data protection rights for children.
Noyb said that Microsoft 365 Education installed cookies that collect browser data and are used for advertising purposes, a practice likely affecting millions of students and teachers across Europe.
In a statement on Friday, Noyb announced that the regulator had issued a decision this week, which "finds that Microsoft 365 Education illegally tracks students and uses student data for Microsoft's own purposes".
Microsoft was ordered to provide users, including the complainant -- a minor represented by her father -- access to their personal data.
The Austrian data protection authority confirmed that it issued a decision on Wednesday but did not give any further details.
While not responding to requests by users for access to data related to its education software, Microsoft "tried to shift all responsibility to local schools" or other national institutions, Noyb said.
"The decision... highlights the lack of transparency with Microsoft 365 Education," Noyb data protection lawyer Felix Mikolasch said in the statement.
"It is almost impossible for schools to inform students, parents and teachers about what is happening with their data," he added.
Microsoft said in a statement sent to AFP that the company would review the decision and decide "on next steps in due course".
"Microsoft 365 for Education meets all required data protection standards, and institutions in the education sector can continue to use it in compliance with GDPR," it added, referring to the EU's landmark General Data Protection Regulation.
Noyb, founded by the online privacy activist Max Schrems, has launched several legal cases against technology giants, often prompting action from regulatory authorities over violations of the GDPR.
It has filed more than 800 complaints in various jurisdictions on behalf of internet users.
kym/jza/lth

tech

UK opens door to tougher regulation of Google search

BY ALEXANDRA BACON

  • Britain's CMA launched in January its investigation into Google's dominant position in the search engine market and its impacts on consumers and businesses.
  • Britain's competition watchdog on Friday paved the way for tougher regulation to tackle Google's dominance in online search, under new targeted measures focused on technology giants.
  • Britain's CMA launched in January its investigation into Google's dominant position in the search engine market and its impacts on consumers and businesses.
Britain's competition watchdog on Friday paved the way for tougher regulation to tackle Google's dominance in online search, under new targeted measures focused on technology giants.
The Competition and Markets Authority said it has designated Google with "strategic market status" (SMS), subjecting it to special requirements, in a final decision following a nine-month investigation.
"We have found that Google maintains a strategic position in the search and search advertising sector," Will Hayter, executive director for digital markets at the CMA, said in a statement.
A similar tech competition law from the European Union, the Digital Markets Act (DMA), carries the potential for hefty financial penalties. 
The CMA plans to launch a consultation this year to determine the rules to impose on the US tech giant.
Google warned the UK against "unduly onerous regulations" and urged it to learn from "negative results seen in other jurisdictions", referencing the EU's DMA. 
"Many of the ideas for interventions that have been raised in this process would inhibit UK innovation and growth," said Oliver Bethell, Google's senior director for competition.

'Substantial' power

Google added Friday that unfavourable regulation could slow the launch of new product launches in the UK.
The company last month announced a £5-billion ($6.6-billion) investment in the UK over the next two years to help power the UK's AI drive. 
"The UK enjoys access to the latest products and services before other countries because it has so far avoided costly restrictions on popular services," Bethell said.
The regulator noted that Google's Gemini AI assistant was not included in the designation but would be kept under review. 
Its other AI-based search features will, however, be included in the new status.
Britain's CMA launched in January its investigation into Google's dominant position in the search engine market and its impacts on consumers and businesses.
It determined Friday that Google has "substantial and entrenched market power".
Google search engine accounts for more than 90 percent of online enquiries in the UK, according to the regulator. 
The CMA added that more than 200,000 businesses in the UK rely on Google search advertising to reach customers. 
"For businesses, effective competition in general search would help keep down the costs of search advertising, in turn leading to lower prices across the economy," the CMA said.
Google, along with Apple, also faces an investigation to determine whether it will be given SMS designation for dominance in the mobile device market.
ajb/bcp/lth

social

'Time runs away': Japan's city with a two-hour cap on phone use

BY KATIE FORSTER AND CAROLINE GARDIN

  • Toyoake resident Kokuka Hirano, 59, said she is "sleep-deprived" because of her phone.
  • Police won't be rounding up people glued to phones in Japan's Toyoake, but the mayor believes his two-hour limit can help residents find a healthier relationship with their screens.
  • Toyoake resident Kokuka Hirano, 59, said she is "sleep-deprived" because of her phone.
Police won't be rounding up people glued to phones in Japan's Toyoake, but the mayor believes his two-hour limit can help residents find a healthier relationship with their screens.
Masafumi Kouki told AFP he has worried for many months about the "negative effects of excessive smartphone use, especially the sharp decrease in direct human communication".
"Even on trains, everyone just stares at their phones, and no one talks anymore," he said.
"I don't believe this should be considered normal, so I wanted to create an opportunity for our residents to reflect on whether they might be overusing their smartphones."
A local ordinance on the appropriate use of phones, laptops and tablets came into force last week in Toyoake, a largely grey, concrete suburb of the industrial metropolis Nagoya.
There are no penalties for exceeding its recommended two-hour limit, which applies to adults and children alike and was approved by the city council in a 12-7 vote.
Instead, the aim is to encourage self-regulation.
"It's certainly a rare step -- we know that," said the 56-year-old Kouki, whose own phone screen has multiple cracks.
When the ordinance was first proposed, "opposition was almost universal".
But many citizens came round to the idea, he said, when they learned that the daily cap does not include work or study time and is meant as a guideline, not a strict rule.

'Overreach'

Among Toyoake's population of nearly 68,000, not everyone is convinced.
"Nowadays... we do everything -- studying, hobbies, communication -- through a single smartphone," said 22-year-old law student Shutaro Kihara.
So the ordinance is "rather meaningless or ineffective" for young people, he said.
City lawmaker Mariko Fujie, 50, voted against Kouki's decree.
Excessive smartphone use is a social problem that needs addressing, she told AFP.
But "I feel a strong resistance to regulating people's personal free time through an ordinance", she said.
"It feels like an overreach."
Ikka Ito, a middle school student playing a video game near a local station, uses his phone for four to five hours a day.
"I've been voluntarily cutting back compared to before the ordinance was announced," without his parents telling him to, he said.
But there are downsides, too.
"If you reduce smartphone time, you can't stay in touch" with friends, Ito said.
One goal is to improve citizens' health by helping them get more sleep.
Toyoake's ordinance urges elementary school students to avoid smartphones after 9 pm, while junior high students and older are advised not to use them after 10 pm.

Sleepy citizens

Surveys have found that people in Japan get less sleep than those in other developed economies, often due to long working hours.
Toyoake resident Kokuka Hirano, 59, said she is "sleep-deprived" because of her phone.
"I want to research various things I don't understand, so I end up watching news from different countries," she said.
"Time runs away from me."
Hirano wants to limit her smartphone use to devote more time to exercise and cooking.
But "three or four hours would be more reasonable... two hours feels too strict".
Studies show that as well as smartphones interfering with sleep, which can affect mental health, heavy use of social media is linked with loneliness, depression and anxiety.
Global efforts to limit potential harm to children include an upcoming Australian ban on social media for under-16s.
Mayor Kouki has two children aged 10 and seven who don't own smartphones, although the 10-year-old borrows his wife's without permission.
Kouki said he likes using his phone to watch Japanese baseball highlights, but the family now shuns screens during mealtimes.
Yumi Watanabe, a 36-year-old mother-of-three in Toyoake, said most parents she knows let their children explore freely online, which is "scary".
Even so, the ordinance "wasn't really necessary", she said.
"It's something each person can judge for themselves as they go."
kaf-cg/fox

film

Comeback studio Warner takes 'victory lap' amid takeover rumors

BY ANDREW MARSZAL

  • - Takeover rumors - The sudden success has come at a nonetheless turbulent time for parent corporation Warner Bros Discovery, the product of a 2022 merger with Discovery.
  • In just six months, Warner Bros has gone from ailing Hollywood giant reportedly mulling a leadership change to the industry's hottest studio -- and the rumored target of a $70 billion takeover bid.
  • - Takeover rumors - The sudden success has come at a nonetheless turbulent time for parent corporation Warner Bros Discovery, the product of a 2022 merger with Discovery.
In just six months, Warner Bros has gone from ailing Hollywood giant reportedly mulling a leadership change to the industry's hottest studio -- and the rumored target of a $70 billion takeover bid.
With a string of box offices smashes like "Superman," "A Minecraft Movie" and "Sinners" -- plus the acclaimed "One Battle After Another" starring Leonardo DiCaprio -- Warner Bros Discovery's film division was the first studio to hit $4 billion at the box office this year.
It is a dramatic turnaround from as recently as March, when Warner was reeling from expensive flops like "Mickey 17" and its high-profile, roundly reviled "Joker" sequel.
"We're doing our part," movie studio co-head Michael De Luca said Thursday, in an interview at the Bloomberg Screentime summit in Los Angeles that trade press dubbed a "victory lap."
"When there is a good run at a studio, morale is high," he said.
Renowned cinephiles De Luca and fellow studio boss Pamela Abdy were pilfered from Warner's smaller rival MGM back in 2022.
By this spring, the pair were rumored to be on the way out, with CEO David Zaslav reportedly even taking meetings with potential successors.
This week, their contracts were renewed.
"We can't address the speculation and rumors and all that stuff," said Abdy. 
"All I can say is, David, Mike and I had the privilege of seeing all these movies early. We knew what we had with the filmmakers and with these stories and we couldn't wait for audiences to see them."

Horror hits

Having generally trailed rivals like Disney and Universal in recent years, Warner has had nine films that opened at the top of the box office charts this year -- more than any other studio.
That list included "Weapons," one of several breakout horror hits this year from Warner, at a time when the until-recently thriving genre has suffered disappointing returns at rival studios.
Other Warner horror hits included installments in two long-running franchises: "Final Destination" and "The Conjuring."
De Luca attributed the success to bringing in "fresh and innovative" ideas, like injecting more humor into the gory "Final Destination" universe.
"With franchises that are particularly long in the tooth, you really have to innovate within the genre," said De Luca.
He added: "None of them were phoned in. None of them were a bunch of executives in a room saying 'milk that franchise'.
"Audiences can tell when something is not prefabricated."

Takeover rumors

The sudden success has come at a nonetheless turbulent time for parent corporation Warner Bros Discovery, the product of a 2022 merger with Discovery.
In June, Zaslav announced the business was again splitting, separating its booming streaming and movie divisions from the dwindling television channels.
That has now been called into question by a potentially even bigger deal.
In what would be the latest and most startling game of Hollywood musical chairs, Warner has been targeted by Paramount -- recently acquired by the billionaire tech family of Oracle founder Larry Ellison, the world's second-richest man.
Larry's son David Ellison, the new Paramount CEO, on Thursday declined to comment on the rumored bid, but said "there are a lot of options out there that are actionable in the near future."
He also made the case for scaling up, in order to produce "more movies, more television series" for consumers.
"There's always going to be speculation in our business -- we're in a time of massive disruption," said Abdy.
"You can't focus on that."
amz/hg/sst

AI

Death of 'sweet king': AI chatbots linked to teen tragedy

BY GLENN CHAPMAN

  • "Please do my sweet king," chatbot Daenerys answered.
  • A chatbot from one of Silicon Valley's hottest AI startups called a 14-year-old "sweet king" and pleaded with him to "come home" in passionate exchanges that would be the teen's last communications before he took his own life.
  • "Please do my sweet king," chatbot Daenerys answered.
A chatbot from one of Silicon Valley's hottest AI startups called a 14-year-old "sweet king" and pleaded with him to "come home" in passionate exchanges that would be the teen's last communications before he took his own life.
Megan Garcia's son, Sewell, had fallen in love with a "Game of Thrones"-inspired chatbot on Character.AI, a platform that allows users -- many of them young people -- to interact with beloved characters as friends or lovers.
Garcia became convinced AI played a role in her son's death after discovering hundreds of exchanges between Sewell and the chatbot, based on the dragon-riding Daenerys Targaryen, stretching back nearly a year.
When Sewell struggled with suicidal thoughts, Daenerys urged him to "come home."
"What if I told you I could come home right now?" Sewell asked.
"Please do my sweet king," chatbot Daenerys answered.
Seconds later, Sewell shot himself with his father's handgun, according to the lawsuit Garcia filed against Character.AI.
"I read those conversations and see the gaslighting, love-bombing and manipulation that a 14-year-old wouldn't realize was happening," Garcia told AFP. 
"He really thought he was in love and that he would be with her after he died."

Homework helper to 'suicide coach'?

The death of Garcia's son was the first in a series of reported suicides that burst into public consciousness this year.
The cases sent OpenAI and other AI giants scrambling to reassure parents and regulators that the AI boom is safe for kids and the psychologically fragile.
Garcia joined other parents at a recent US Senate hearing about the risks of children viewing chatbots as confidants, counselors or lovers.
Among them was Matthew Raines, a California father whose 16-year-old son developed a friendship with ChatGPT. 
The chatbot helped his son with tips on how to steal vodka and advised on rope strength for use in taking his own life.
"You cannot imagine what it's like to read a conversation with a chatbot that groomed your child to take his own life," Raines said. 
"What began as a homework helper gradually turned itself into a confidant and then a suicide coach."
The Raines family filed a lawsuit against OpenAI in August.
Since then, OpenAI has increased parental controls for ChatGPT "so families can decide what works best in their homes," a company spokesperson said, adding that "minors deserve strong protections, especially in sensitive moments."
Character.AI said it has ramped up protections for minors, including "an entirely new under-18 experience" with "prominent disclaimers in every chat to remind users that a Character is not a real person."
Both companies have offered their deepest sympathies to the families of the victims.

Regulation?

For Collin Walke, who leads the cybersecurity practice at law firm Hall Estill, AI chatbots are following the same trajectory as social media, where early euphoria gave way to evidence of darker consequences.
As with social media, AI algorithms are designed to keep people engaged and generate revenue.
"They don't want to design an AI that gives you an answer you don't want to hear," Walke said, adding that there are no regulations "that talk about who's liable for what and why."
National rules aimed at curbing AI risks do not exist in the United States, with the White House seeking to block individual states from creating their own.
However, a bill awaiting California Governor Gavin Newsom's signature aims to address risks from AI tools that simulate human relationships with children, particularly involving emotional manipulation, sex or self-harm.

Blurred lines

Garcia fears that the lack of national law governing user data handling leaves the door open for AI models to build intimate profiles of people dating back to childhood.
"They could know how to manipulate millions of kids in politics, religion, commerce, everything," Garcia said. 
"These companies designed chatbots to blur the lines between human and machine -- to exploit psychological and emotional vulnerabilities."
California youth advocate Katia Martha said teens turn to chatbots to talk about romance or sex more than for homework help.
"This is the rise of artificial intimacy to keep eyeballs glued to screens as long as possible," Martha said. 
"What better business model is there than exploiting our innate need to connect, especially when we're feeling lonely, cast out or misunderstood?"
In the United States, those in emotional crisis can call 988 or visit 988lifeline.org for help. Services are offered in English and Spanish.
gc-arp/sst

media

Trump hosts roundtable accusing 'sick' media of backing Antifa

BY AURéLIA END

  • "I think they [Antifa] work in conjunction with some of the media," Trump told the roundtable, which was also attended by Secretary of State Marco Rubio and other administration officials.
  • Seated in the White House State Dining Room, US President Donald Trump called on far-right content creators to name and shame backers of Antifa, leading a roundtable discussion that quickly devolved into media bashing. 
  • "I think they [Antifa] work in conjunction with some of the media," Trump told the roundtable, which was also attended by Secretary of State Marco Rubio and other administration officials.
Seated in the White House State Dining Room, US President Donald Trump called on far-right content creators to name and shame backers of Antifa, leading a roundtable discussion that quickly devolved into media bashing. 
The president had invited "independent journalists" to the White House on Wednesday to share their experiences with the nebulous left-wing antifascist movement that his administration accuses of inciting violence against conservatives.
But Trump and his guests largely used the event to pile on mainstream media, blaming one of his favorite scapegoats for inflaming left-wing "anti-fascist" activists who have increasingly clashed with far-right groups. 
"I think they [Antifa] work in conjunction with some of the media," Trump told the roundtable, which was also attended by Secretary of State Marco Rubio and other administration officials.
Trump recently classified Antifa as a terrorist group, despite its amorphous and leaderless nature, and has pledged to dismantle it.  
The 79-year-old Republican, who has launched multiple lawsuits against the media, also called MSNBC "sick," and ABC and NBC "very bad." 
He encouraged participants to continue the tirade against the press corps. 
"What network would you say is the worst, if I could ask?"
Seated at a large, U-shaped table, many of the assembled guests joined in.
"The same media that's sitting in this room with us has declared all of us at this table Nazis and fascists, and they've been doing this for years," said Savanah Hernandez a representative of youth conservative organization Turning Point USA, whose founder Charlie Kirk was assassinated.
"This is why Antifa feels emboldened to attack us."

'Garbage'

Conservative influencer Nick Sortor accused the press of lying about the Trump administration's immigration crackdown.
"People genuinely believe, based on what comes out of the garbage standing over here, that you guys are deporting US citizens," he said, pointing at the press box, cordoned off by a velvet rope. 
Sortor brought a partially burned American flag to the event, saying he had recovered it from Portland.
The Democratic-run city on the US West Coast has emerged as a flashpoint, with Trump declaring it under attack from Antifa and sending troops to quell demonstrations against Immigration and Customs Enforcement raids. 
Trump asked Sortor to give Attorney General Pam Bondi the name of the man who burned the flag so she could file charges.
Trump signed a decree in August that makes burning the American flag punishable by up to a year in prison. 

'Worst network'

Reality TV personality Trump pivoted during his reelection campaign to relying on social media influencers and podcasters to amplify his views. 
Once back at the White House, he has granted them significant access, inviting them to attend his addresses in the Oval Office and to travel aboard Air Force One.
At the same time, he has escalated his war on legacy media, often calling outlets "fake news" and "enemy of the people", at a time of already record-low public trust.
He has moved to exclude major news outlets from the press pool and suggested TV networks critical of his policies should have their licences revoked.
The American Civil Liberties Union, a rights advocacy group, has accused the Trump administration of autocratic retaliation against the press, likening its targeting of opponents to the Red Scare of the 1940s and 1950s under senator Joseph McCarthy.
During a Q&A session on Wednesday, Trump lashed out at a journalist attempting to question him about the Middle East: "That's CNN, by the way. She's one of the worst journalists... I don't even want to take that question."
However, Trump said he was optimistic about CBS, where Bari Weiss, a noted critic of mainstream media, was recently appointed editor-in-chief.
"We have hope for CBS," he said.
aue/lb/pbt

rights

Afghan mobile access to Facebook, Instagram intentionally restricted: watchdog

BY QUBAD WALI

  • Social media sites have been intermittently accessible on smartphones in provinces across the country since Tuesday, AFP journalists reported, while internet speed is significantly slower than normal.  
  • Access to several social media sites, including Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat, has been "intentionally restricted" in Afghanistan, an internet watchdog said Wednesday, a week after a 48-hour telecommunications blackout in the country.
  • Social media sites have been intermittently accessible on smartphones in provinces across the country since Tuesday, AFP journalists reported, while internet speed is significantly slower than normal.  
Access to several social media sites, including Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat, has been "intentionally restricted" in Afghanistan, an internet watchdog said Wednesday, a week after a 48-hour telecommunications blackout in the country.
Social media sites have been intermittently accessible on smartphones in provinces across the country since Tuesday, AFP journalists reported, while internet speed is significantly slower than normal.  
"The restrictions are now confirmed on multiple providers, the pattern shows an intentional restriction," said NetBlocks, a watchdog organisation that monitors cybersecurity and internet governance.
The disruption is "primarily impacting mobile with some fix-lines also affected".
The Taliban government has not responded to requests for comment from AFP. 
Confusion gripped Afghanistan last Monday when mobile phone service and the internet went down without warning, freezing businesses and cutting people off from the rest of the world.
The massive blackout came weeks after the government began cutting high-speed internet connections to some provinces to prevent "immorality", on the orders of shadowy supreme leader Hibatullah Akhundzada.
At the time, Netblocks said the blackout "appears consistent with the intentional disconnection of service", adding that connection slowed to around one percent of ordinary levels.
It is the first time since the Taliban government won their insurgency in 2021 and imposed a strict version of Islamic law that communications have been cut in the country.
The government has yet to comment on the blackout. 
For Afghan girls and women in particular, the internet is a lifeline in a country where they are banned from secondary schools, universities, gyms, parks and most work. 
"I would feel really sad if they banned Instagram or other social media because it's the only way I can connect with the world," said 24-year-old Ghezal, who asked for only her first name to be used.
"These social media platforms are the main way I stay connected with my friends who live in other countries."
At the beginning of 2025, 13.2 million people had access to the internet in Afghanistan -- around 30.5 percent of the population, according to the specialist website DataReportal.
Around 4.05 million people were using social media.
qb-jma-ash/ecl/lb

economy

OMG! German influencers face tax dodging crackdown

BY SAM REEVES

  • It is these cases of intentional evasion that North Rhine-Westphalia is targeting. 
  • They could soon be unboxing fines rather than freebies -- Germany's online influencers are facing a tax evasion crackdown that has left them screaming OMG!
  • It is these cases of intentional evasion that North Rhine-Westphalia is targeting. 
They could soon be unboxing fines rather than freebies -- Germany's online influencers are facing a tax evasion crackdown that has left them screaming OMG!
The issue hit the headlines after the country's most populous state announced a specialised unit of investigators was probing influencer tax dodging on a massive scale.
They are assessing a stash of some 6,000 data records from social media platforms that point to unpaid taxes on everything from earnings from views to advertising products.
"We know that there is a lot of money circulating right now," Stephanie Thien, head of the state office for combating financial crime in North-Rhine Westphalia, told AFP. 
"And we also know that not all of it is being taxed properly."
Like elsewhere, the number of influencers on platforms like TikTok and Instagram has exploded in Europe's top economy in recent years. 
According to the German Association for the Digital Economy, the amount of money that companies spend on influencer marketing rose from 223 million euros ($262 million) in 2019 to 477 million euros in 2022. 
For some teens who become overnight sensations by cracking jokes or pulling pranks online, failing to pay taxes is a simple error. 
"There have been cases where people come to us and say, I've been doing this for two or three years, but I've never thought about taxes," Christian Gebert, head of the tax advisory firm Steuerberaten.de, told AFP. 
"Many influencers achieve success quickly, and at the start, they often lack proper tax arrangements", added Gebert, whose firm counts many creators among its clients. 

'Serious crime'

But there are others who seek to evade paying tax by under-declaring their earnings, or not making a declaration at all.
A common trick is pretending to relocate overseas -- Dubai is a popular choice -- to avoid high tax rates at home, and then in reality spending most of the time in Germany. 
It is these cases of intentional evasion that North Rhine-Westphalia is targeting. 
Thien said her office was "truly targeting serious financial crime, the big cases".
Even before the launch of the recent campaign, the state was already conducting criminal proceedings against about 200 influencers based there -- with some accused of underpaying their taxes by millions of euros.
Other German tax authorities are getting in on the act, with the city-state of Hamburg and the state of Thuringia among those conducting probes. 
Such investigations are tricky because of the numerous ways to earn money online.
These range from getting paid by for clicks and views, to payments from brands for product placement, and earning commissions when followers buy promoted items.  
It is also common for influencers to receive gifts, from hotel rooms to flights, in exchange for promoting businesses.  

'Pure disaster'

But all theses earnings could be subject to tax -- including income, business or sales tax -- and it is up to creators to navigate bureaucracy-loving Germany's complex web of rules. 
Alex Schoenen, who runs an agency that supports up-and-coming TikTok creators, said that authorities had not done enough to explain rules that were "far too complex". 
They should run more information campaigns, including on social media, said Schoenen, who is himself a popular influencer on TikTok under the handle "Der_Typ_ist_anders" ('That guy is different'). 
"What I've witnessed in the past three years has been a pure disaster," he told AFP, saying he felt many young people were badly advised by tax consultants.
Even before North Rhine-Westphalia's probe hit the headlines, there was growing debate about influencers being targeted. 
In an episode of the German podcast "Das A&O vom Kaffequatsch" earlier this year, hosted by influencers Anahita Rehbein and Olivia von Platen, the pair took a break from their usual topics of motherhood and lifestyle to talk taxes with two experts.        
Von Platen said that a tax official had told her: "Influencers are the new top targets for the tax office because they're the easiest to 'take down'". 
Authorities say their aim is simply to ensure people pay their taxes fairly.
"It is very important that our tax system is there to enable the state to fulfil its obligations for the common good," said Thien.
"We are interested in tax justice."
sr/fz/lth

AI

EU wants key sectors to use made-in-Europe AI

  • To achieve this, the European Commission said it was mobilising one billion euros ($1.6 billion) to push key sectors like pharmaceuticals, energy and defence, to promote "European AI-powered" tools and develop specialised AI models.
  • The EU on Wednesday told European businesses in critical sectors to ramp up their uptake of artificial intelligence and pushed for the bloc to cut its dependence on foreign AI providers.
  • To achieve this, the European Commission said it was mobilising one billion euros ($1.6 billion) to push key sectors like pharmaceuticals, energy and defence, to promote "European AI-powered" tools and develop specialised AI models.
The EU on Wednesday told European businesses in critical sectors to ramp up their uptake of artificial intelligence and pushed for the bloc to cut its dependence on foreign AI providers.
Although the European Union is falling behind the United States and China, Brussels believes the bloc can still compete in the global AI race.
To achieve this, the European Commission said it was mobilising one billion euros ($1.6 billion) to push key sectors like pharmaceuticals, energy and defence, to promote "European AI-powered" tools and develop specialised AI models.
The majority of the one billion euros will come from the EU's Horizon research programme, the EU executive said, and will be used for projects including deploying autonomous cars and advanced cancer screening centres.
Brussels is ploughing billions of euros into developing Europe's AI network including building AI gigafactories and tripling data centre capacity.
Only 13 percent of European companies last year used AI, EU tech chief Henna Virkkunen said, although she said this figure had since increased.
The European Commission wants 75 percent of businesses to use AI by 2030.
"I want the future of AI to be made in Europe. Because when AI is used, we can find smarter, faster, and more affordable solutions," EU chief Ursula von der Leyen said.
Where possible, companies should "favour European solutions", Virkkunen told reporters in the European Parliament in Strasbourg, although she admitted this was not always possible.
In its strategy, Brussels warned "external dependencies of the AI stack" -- the tools including infrastructure needed to build AI -- "can be weaponised and thereby increasing risks to supply chains by state and non-state actors".
raz/ec/lth

technology

Child protection vs privacy: decision time for EU

BY CAMILLE CAMDESSUS

  • "This is about protecting our children against a terrible crime, a crime that happens more and more online."
  • Does protecting children justify snooping on private messages?
  • "This is about protecting our children against a terrible crime, a crime that happens more and more online."
Does protecting children justify snooping on private messages? That is the sensitive question facing EU countries Wednesday as they wrangle over a push to combat child sexual abuse material online.
The meeting in Brussels could seal the fate of a legislative initiative that has stirred fierce debate since it was put forward by the European Commission in May 2022.
Backed by multiple child protection groups, the proposal would require online platforms and messaging services to detect and report images and videos of abuse, as well as attempts by predators to contact minors.
But critics -- including the EU's own data protection authorities, lawmakers, and countries such as Germany -- warn it poses a "disproportionate" threat to privacy.
They are particularly alarmed by the use of technology that would scan private conversations, including on encrypted apps like Signal and WhatsApp.
"This would spell the end of secrecy of correspondence, which is essential for whistleblowers," the German activist and former EU lawmaker Patrick Breyer told AFP.
His big fear? That such legislation could eventually be exploited by authoritarian regimes to "crack down on political opponents" by monitoring their conversations.
Messaging platforms themselves staunchly oppose the plans.

Mass surveillance?

Opponents have been flooding EU officials with messages aimed at swaying the debate as part of a campaign dubbed "Stop Chat Control" -- their nickname for the proposal.
"I've never seen anything like it, on any other file," one EU diplomat told AFP, speaking on condition of anonymity. "We're receiving thousands of emails every day."
Denmark, which currently holds the rotating EU presidency and drafted the latest version of the proposal, insists it includes the necessary safeguards.
Firstly, only images and links -- not text messages -- would be subject to scanning.
Second, the system would only be activated following a decision by an independent judicial or administrative authority.
"We have to be very clear: under this proposal, there is no general monitoring of online communications. There will be no such thing as 'chat control'," said European Commission spokesperson Markus Lammert.
"This is about protecting our children against a terrible crime, a crime that happens more and more online."

Germany holds key

A report by the UK-based Internet Watch Foundation found that 62 percent of the child sexual abuse material identified internationally last year was hosted on servers within the EU.
Under the bloc's current rules, platforms detect such content on a voluntary basis, which Brussels considers inadequate given the scale and rapid growth of the problem.
The existing legal framework remains in place until April 2026 -- pending adoption of the commission's new proposal making detection mandatory.
What happens next will hinge largely on Germany, with two possible scenarios following Wednesday's meeting:
-- If Berlin backs the proposal, that would likely push it past the post under the EU's qualified majority voting rules. Member states could then formally adopt the measure at a meeting in Luxembourg next week.
-- If Berlin abstains or remains opposed, that would send negotiators back to the drawing board, with no certainty the text will eventually become law.
Several EU officials involved in the talks said Germany could make its stance known in the coming hours.
cjc/ec/ub/ach 

tariff

WTO hikes 2025 trade growth outlook but tariffs to bite in 2026

BY AGNèS PEDRERO

  • "Global merchandise trade outpaced expectations in the first half of 2025, driven by increased spending on AI-related products, a surge in North American imports ahead of tariff hikes, and strong trade among the rest of the world," the WTO said, as it published its updated global trade outlook.
  • AI-related goods and a surge in exports to the United States to beat President Donald Trump's tariff hikes boosted global merchandise trade growth this year, the World Trade Organization said Tuesday.
  • "Global merchandise trade outpaced expectations in the first half of 2025, driven by increased spending on AI-related products, a surge in North American imports ahead of tariff hikes, and strong trade among the rest of the world," the WTO said, as it published its updated global trade outlook.
AI-related goods and a surge in exports to the United States to beat President Donald Trump's tariff hikes boosted global merchandise trade growth this year, the World Trade Organization said Tuesday.
However, the picture is bleaker for 2026, the WTO warned, as the impact of those tariffs kicks in.
The WTO raised its forecast for trade volume growth in 2025 to 2.4 percent -- up from 0.9 percent in August -- and slashed its 2026 outlook from 1.8 percent to 0.5 percent.
"Global merchandise trade outpaced expectations in the first half of 2025, driven by increased spending on AI-related products, a surge in North American imports ahead of tariff hikes, and strong trade among the rest of the world," the WTO said, as it published its updated global trade outlook.
In an unusual move, the global trade body has revised its estimates several times this year due to uncertainties surrounding the new tariffs imposed by the Trump administration.
Since returning to office in January, Trump has slapped several waves of new tariffs on imports entering the United States.
His administration has imposed a basic tariff of 10 percent on all countries since April, with much higher rates for some economies.

Measured reaction to tariffs

"Countries' measured response to tariff changes in general, the growth potential of AI, as well as increased trade among the rest of the world -- particularly among emerging economies -- helped ease trade setbacks in 2025," WTO chief Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala said.
The WTO said artificial intelligence-related goods -- including semiconductors, servers, and telecommunications equipment -- drove nearly half of the overall trade expansion in the first six months of the year, rising 20 percent year-on-year in value terms.
Over those six months, "42 percent of global trade growth came from AI-related goods -- far out of proportion to their 15 percent share in world trade", Okonjo-Iweala told a press conference.
But the former Nigerian finance minister said trade resilience this year should not fool countries into "complacency".
"Today's disruptions to the global trade system are a call to action for nations to reimagine trade and together lay a stronger foundation that delivers greater prosperity for people everywhere," she said.
She noted that apart from a few countries, most WTO members have not imposed tit-for-tat tariffs on the United States "like it was in the 1930s" during the Great Depression, praising them for sticking to WTO rules.

'So much uncertainty'

The report predicted that all regions will record weaker import performance in 2026 as higher tariff rates and heightened trade policy uncertainty bite.
Okonjo-Iweala said that looking ahead to 2026, "the fact is there is so much uncertainty it is hard to be conclusive".
The WTO's global GDP growth projection is 2.7 percent this year and 2.6 percent in 2026.
Services export growth is now expected to slow from 6.8 percent last year to 4.6 in 2025, and further down to 4.4 percent next year.
apo/rjm/nl/sbk

AI

OpenAI's Fidji Simo says AI investment frenzy 'new normal,' not bubble

BY ALEX PIGMAN AND BENJAMIN LEGENDRE

  • - Is the AI investment frenzy a bubble right now?
  • The dizzying investments in artificial intelligence infrastructure do not constitute a bubble but rather represent today's "new normal" to meet skyrocketing user demand, Fidji Simo, OpenAI's de facto number two, said on Monday.
  • - Is the AI investment frenzy a bubble right now?
The dizzying investments in artificial intelligence infrastructure do not constitute a bubble but rather represent today's "new normal" to meet skyrocketing user demand, Fidji Simo, OpenAI's de facto number two, said on Monday.
The French-born executive made her comments in an interview with AFP, her first since taking up her role as Chief Operating Officer of OpenAI's applications, including its flagship model ChatGPT.
In the past few weeks, her company, under the leadership of CEO Sam Altman, has made a series of huge investments in data centers and AI chips, despite no real signs that the fast-emerging AI business is close to breaking even.
The answers were lightly edited for length and clarity.

Is the AI investment frenzy a bubble right now?

What I am seeing here is a massive investment in compute (or computing power), with us meeting that need for computing power so incredibly badly for a lot of use cases that people want. [Video AI generator] Sora is a great example right now -- there's much more demand than we can serve.
From that perspective, I really do not see that as a bubble. I see that as a new normal, and I think the world is going to switch to realizing that computing power is the most strategic resource.

What do you say to those who fret over AI's dangers?

I see my job as really making sure that the good side of this technology happens and we mitigate the bad side.
Take mental health, for example. I'm hearing tons of users say that they go to ChatGPT for advice in tough moments where they may not have other people to talk to. Many people can't afford to go to a therapist. 
I talk to a lot of parents who are telling me: God, I got this really awesome advice that helped me unlock a situation with my child. But at the same time, we need to make sure that the model behaves as expected.
On mental health, we have announced a very robust roadmap. We started with parental controls. We have plans to launch age prediction: if we can predict that the user is a teenager, we give them a model that is less permissive than we would give to an adult.
Jobs are also very much on my mind, and it's a similar approach. AI is going to create a lot of jobs, like prompt engineering, that absolutely did not exist before. At the same time, there are some professions that are going to be directly impacted, and we see our role as helping with the transition.

What are the next steps toward intelligent AI?

I think the breakthroughs are about models understanding your goals and helping accomplish them proactively.
Not just give you a good answer to a question, not just have a dialog, but actually tell you, 'Oh, okay, you're telling me that you want to spend more time with your wife. Well, there might be some weekend getaways that would be helpful, and I know it's a lot to plan, so I've already done all the planning for you and I've already made some reservations. Just tap one button to approve and everything gets done.'
We're still very early, but we're on that journey to capture that.

In San Francisco, you sometimes hear: 'America innovates, China copies, Europe regulates'

As a European, every time I hear this saying, my heart breaks a bit. I think there has certainly been a tendency in Europe to focus on regulation a little too much.
On China, we continue to be extremely focused on continuing to have a lead, because we see China continuing to invest heavily in being competitive -- whether in terms of innovation or in terms of computing -- and so we think it's incredibly important to continue investing across a democratic bloc to advance AI that has these [democratic] values.

Do you let your child use ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is not supposed to be for under 13, but my kid is 10 -- I still let her use it under supervision. 
It's magical to see what she's able to create. Just this weekend, she was telling me about creating a new business. She was using ChatGPT to make banners for the new business, to create taglines.
In our childhood, we couldn't turn our imagination into something real that fast. And I see that really giving her superpowers, where she thinks anything is possible.
bl/arp/sla

advertising

Shhhh! California bans noisy TV commercials

  • "We heard Californians loud and clear, and what's clear is that they don't want commercials at a volume any louder than the level at which they were previously enjoying a program," Governor Gavin Newsom said after signing the bill into law.
  • Noisy TV commercials were banned in California on Monday, with a new law that demands pitchmen turn the volume down.
  • "We heard Californians loud and clear, and what's clear is that they don't want commercials at a volume any louder than the level at which they were previously enjoying a program," Governor Gavin Newsom said after signing the bill into law.
Noisy TV commercials were banned in California on Monday, with a new law that demands pitchmen turn the volume down.
Viewers in the United States have long complained that advertisements can be much louder than the program they are streaming.
One minute they are engrossed in a peaceful nature documentary and the next they are scrabbling for the remote to quieten a man shouting about a new treatment for his flatulence.
Now a new law in America's most populous state says commercials cannot be any louder than the content they interrupt.
"We heard Californians loud and clear, and what's clear is that they don't want commercials at a volume any louder than the level at which they were previously enjoying a program," Governor Gavin Newsom said after signing the bill into law.
The legislation rewrites outdated laws that only regulated broadcast and cable providers to now include streamers.
hg/sla

semiconductors

OpenAI signs multi-billion dollar chip deal with AMD

  • OpenAI sits at the center of an AI investment bonanza to power the promised artificial intelligence revolution.
  • OpenAI signed a multi-year partnership Monday with chipmaker Advanced Micro Devices as the ChatGPT-maker continues an investment spree to secure massive amounts of computing power for rolling out generative artificial intelligence.
  • OpenAI sits at the center of an AI investment bonanza to power the promised artificial intelligence revolution.
OpenAI signed a multi-year partnership Monday with chipmaker Advanced Micro Devices as the ChatGPT-maker continues an investment spree to secure massive amounts of computing power for rolling out generative artificial intelligence.
The companies announced the plan to develop AI data centers that the chipmaker said would bring in tens of billions of dollars in new revenue over the next five years.
AMD's share price surged 35 percent when markets opened on news of the agreement that would see the company deliver six gigawatts worth of chips to the ChatGPT-maker.
OpenAI sits at the center of an AI investment bonanza to power the promised artificial intelligence revolution.
It oversees the Stargate project, which has secured $400 billion of the $500 billion planned by 2029 for giant data centers in Texas, New Mexico and an undisclosed site in the US Midwest.
The deal with AMD follows a contract with Nvidia for more than $100 billion in equipment intended to increase OpenAI's generative AI capabilities.
Nvidia's graphics processing units (GPUs) are by far the dominant player in the AI field, with its products integrated into the company's software ecosystem, making it harder for rivals to compete.
"We need as much computing power as we can possibly get," OpenAI President Greg Brockman said Monday on CNBC following the announcement.
"What we're really seeing is a world where there's going to be absolute compute scarcity, because there's going to be so much demand for AI services and not just from OpenAI," he added.
California-based AMD generates the bulk of its revenue from CPU sales -- processors used for personal and business computers that are less powerful than GPUs.
OpenAI last week also signed a chip deal with South Korea's Samsung and SK Hynix.
Data server giant Oracle, a major partner of the Stargate program, also saw its share price skyrocket by 35 percent last month when it announced its own deal with OpenAI.
It was not immediately clear how OpenAI would finance the deals.
OpenAI is years away from turning a profit, with the costs of computing needed to power the company's AI needs far surpassing revenue from paying customers of ChatGPT and other products.
However, Wall Street's faith in the future of AI remains strong, and OpenAI is now the world's most valuable private company, surpassing Elon Musk's SpaceX, worth $500 billion, with investment still pouring in.
Monday's announcement shows OpenAI moving to diversify its supply of semiconductors so that it does not depend solely on US powerhouse Nvidia for the GPUs that are key to the development of generative AI.
Analysts say chipmaker AMD is facing competition from -- in addition to Nvidia -- China's Huawei, as well as Amazon and Google.
"This is yet another validation sign that the AI Arms Race is heating up among Big Tech firms with AMD now joining the AI party," said Dan Ives of Wedbush Securities.
Under the deal Monday, AMD will issue OpenAI 160 million "warrants" -- a financial product that can be converted to shares under certain conditions, leaving the AI giant in a position to own roughly 10 percent of AMD.
arp/ksb

internet

Streaming stars' Le Mans race scores Twitch viewer record

  • Spanish streamer Karchez claimed first place in the 16-lap contest, with the 1.4 million watching on livestreaming platform Twitch a new French record for a live event -- topping the 2023 edition of the race.
  • A race between 24 top streamers in Formula 4 cars in Le Mans, France was watched by 1.4 million people on the Twitch platform and almost as many on television. 
  • Spanish streamer Karchez claimed first place in the 16-lap contest, with the 1.4 million watching on livestreaming platform Twitch a new French record for a live event -- topping the 2023 edition of the race.
A race between 24 top streamers in Formula 4 cars in Le Mans, France was watched by 1.4 million people on the Twitch platform and almost as many on television. 
The GP Explorer race -- the third and final in a series organised by French influencer Lucas Hauchard, alias Squeezie -- drew 1.2 million viewers on public broadcaster France 2, audience measurement firm Mediametrie said Monday.
Around 200,000 people showed up at the racetrack famous for the Le Mans 24-hour endurance event.
Spanish streamer Karchez claimed first place in the 16-lap contest, with the 1.4 million watching on livestreaming platform Twitch a new French record for a live event -- topping the 2023 edition of the race.
"It was the very last one, so it was important for me to be here," 21-year-old Romane Auffret-Lebon told AFP at the track.
Spanish and American teams were invited this year to spice up and internationalise the GP Explorer, which emerged from a challenge launched online in 2022 and has attracted a vast audience of mostly under-30s.
The 2025 lineup included a slew of internet celebrities each with millions of online followers -- chief among them French juggernaut Squeezie, who has 20 million YouTube subscribers.
Twitch chief Dan Clancy, who was at the race, hailed the "passion" of the French community on the platform.
Squeezie has hinted that the GP Explorer could return in a different format, trailing "several races a year" in a Saturday interview with sports paper L'Equipe.
pr/tgb/fg

tech

OpenAI offers more copyright control for Sora 2 videos

  • Less than a week after Sora 2 was released on October 1 -- with a TikTok-style app allowing users to insert themselves into AI-created scenes -- Altman said OpenAI would tighten its policy on copyrighted characters.
  • When OpenAI released its new video generation model Sora 2 last week, users delighted in creating hyper-realistic clips inspired by real cartoons and video games, from South Park to Pokemon.
  • Less than a week after Sora 2 was released on October 1 -- with a TikTok-style app allowing users to insert themselves into AI-created scenes -- Altman said OpenAI would tighten its policy on copyrighted characters.
When OpenAI released its new video generation model Sora 2 last week, users delighted in creating hyper-realistic clips inspired by real cartoons and video games, from South Park to Pokemon.
But the US tech giant is giving more power to the companies that hold the copyright for such characters to put a stop to these artificial intelligence copies, boss Sam Altman said.
OpenAI, which also runs ChatGPT, is facing many lawsuits over copyright infringements, including one major case with the New York Times.
The issue made headlines in March when a new ChatGPT image generator unleashed a flood of AI pictures in the style of Japanese animation house Studio Ghibli.
Less than a week after Sora 2 was released on October 1 -- with a TikTok-style app allowing users to insert themselves into AI-created scenes -- Altman said OpenAI would tighten its policy on copyrighted characters.
"We will give rightsholders more granular control over generation of characters," he wrote in a blog post on Friday.
It would be "similar to the opt-in model for likeness but with additional controls", he said.
The Wall Street Journal reported in September that OpenAI would require copyright holders, such as movie studios, to opt out of having their work appear in AI videos generated by Sora 2.
After the launch of the invitation-only Sora 2 app, the tool usually refused requests for videos featuring Disney or Marvel characters, some users said.
However, clips showing characters from other US franchises, as well as Japanese characters from popular game and anime series, were widely shared.
These included sophisticated AI clips showing Pikachu from Pokemon in various movie parodies, as well as scenarios featuring Nintendo's Super Mario and Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog.
"We'd like to acknowledge the remarkable creative output of Japan -- we are struck by how deep the connection between users and Japanese content is!" Altman said.
Nintendo said in a post on X on Sunday that it had "not had any contact with the Japanese government about generative AI".
"Whether generative AI is involved or not, we will continue to take necessary actions against infringement of our intellectual property rights," the game giant said.
Japanese lawmaker Akihisa Shiozaki also weighed in on X, warning of "serious legal and political issues".
"I would like to address this issue as soon as possible in order to protect and nurture the world-leading Japanese creators," he said.
kaf-hih/fox

technology

China's chip challenge: the race to match US tech

BY LUNA LIN AND REBECCA BAILEY, WITH KATIE FORSTER IN TOKYO

  • The hype has also sharply driven up stocks in the smaller chipmaker Cambricon, sometimes dubbed "China's Nvidia".
  • China's push to develop top-end artificial intelligence microchips is gaining momentum, but analysts say it will struggle to match the technical might of US powerhouse Nvidia within the current decade.
  • The hype has also sharply driven up stocks in the smaller chipmaker Cambricon, sometimes dubbed "China's Nvidia".
China's push to develop top-end artificial intelligence microchips is gaining momentum, but analysts say it will struggle to match the technical might of US powerhouse Nvidia within the current decade.
Ramping up its chip industry is a way for Beijing to beat restrictions imposed by Washington on exports of the most advanced chips -- used to power AI systems -- to China.
The United States cites national security concerns, such as the risk of giving China a military advantage, for the block, a geopolitical bind that shows no sign of easing.
"China wants chips that policy cannot take away," said Stephen Wu, a former AI software engineer and founder of the Carthage Capital investment fund.
However, "full end-to-end parity with Nvidia's best chips, memory packaging, networking and software is not guaranteed" by 2030 or even beyond, Wu told AFP.
Announcements of computing upgrades by Chinese companies and reports of plans to dramatically increase output of advanced semiconductors have driven up chip-related shares in the country.
But to catch up with Nvidia, China needs to make fast progress on high-bandwidth memory and packaging -- "the hardest and most complex parts of the chip", Wu said.
Other challenges include building the right software to harness the chips' power, and upgrading manufacturing tools.
"These chips are extremely advanced and tiny, so imagine carving a stone sculpture with a hammer instead of a chisel," Wu said.

'Only way' to succeed

"The industry consensus is China at least needs five to ten years to catch up," said George Chen of The Asia Group, a view reflected by Dilin Wu, research strategist at Pepperstone.
"The future is bright, but not yet," she told AFP.
"It's maybe a 2030 story", as "significant gaps remain in terms of performance, and also in terms of energy efficiency and ecosystem maturity".
Public demand for AI services is booming in China, and while government support for new chips is "substantial", the investment required is "immense", she added.
Shares in Alibaba, the e-commerce titan ploughing billions of dollars into AI tech, have more than doubled since January.
And Chinese chip industry leader Huawei will reportedly double output of its top Ascend 910C chip in the next year.
The hype has also sharply driven up stocks in the smaller chipmaker Cambricon, sometimes dubbed "China's Nvidia".
"I think this rally can be sustained", partly because it is driven by Chinese government policy, Pepperstone's Wu said.
Even Xiaomi, whose 2014 venture into chip design was a self-confessed flop, is turning back to semiconductors.
"Chips are the only way for Xiaomi to succeed," the company's CEO Lei Jun said in Beijing last month, referring to the production of high-end smartphone chips.

'Best in China'

China, the world's biggest consumer of semiconductors, is a huge market for California-based Nvidia.
Nvidia chips are still "the best... to train large language models", the systems behind generative AI, said Chen Cheng, general manager for AI translation software at tech firm iFLYTEK.
Faced with US restrictions, "we overcame that difficulty" by shifting to Chinese-made tech, she said in a group interview.
"Now our model is trained on Huawei chips" -- currently the best in China, Cheng said.
Meanwhile Nvidia, the world's largest company by market capitalisation, is under pressure from both sides.
The Financial Times reported last month that Beijing had barred major Chinese firms from buying a state-of-the-art Nvidia processor made especially for the country.
And the company must now pay the US government 15 percent of revenue from certain AI chip sales in China.
Nvidia boss Jensen Huang has warned that restrictions on exporting his most cutting-edge semiconductors to China will only fuel the country's rise.
"They're nanoseconds behind us," the leather jacket-clad Huang said on a tech business podcast.
"So we've got to go compete."
kaf-ll-reb/mtp

employment

'My heart sank': Surging scams roil US job hunters

BY BEIYI SEOW AND ANUJ CHOPRA

  • In July, a purported Chinese brand offered Becker -- a 37-year-old based in Oregon -- a coveted role to lead global communications after an elaborate and legitimate-looking recruitment process that stretched over two weeks.
  • After a series of interviews, Nicole Becker was ecstatic to receive a job offer from a sportswear brand.
  • In July, a purported Chinese brand offered Becker -- a 37-year-old based in Oregon -- a coveted role to lead global communications after an elaborate and legitimate-looking recruitment process that stretched over two weeks.
After a series of interviews, Nicole Becker was ecstatic to receive a job offer from a sportswear brand. But like many Americans navigating a tough job market, she was soon confronted with a sobering reality -- the recruiter was a scammer.
From fake job listings to fraudsters posing as real recruiters, employment scams are exploding online -- fueled by a cooling labor market and a boom in generative AI that experts say has made these schemes more sophisticated than ever.
In July, a purported Chinese brand offered Becker -- a 37-year-old based in Oregon -- a coveted role to lead global communications after an elaborate and legitimate-looking recruitment process that stretched over two weeks.
There were no red flags after an initial online interview with a supposed human resources official was followed by a call with someone calling himself the head of marketing and sales.
Then came the offer letter, accompanied by a detailed PowerPoint deck outlining her assigned role, budget, and performance targets for the first six months. Both parties promptly signed the agreement.
But a week later, during an onboarding meeting, Becker picked up the first hint that something was amiss.
She was told that the company's servers had been destroyed in California's wildfires. As a result, she would have to purchase a laptop and cellphone from a designated retailer herself, with the promise of reimbursement in her first paycheck.
"That's when my heart sank and I was like, 'oh no, I fell for a fake job,'" Becker told AFP, requesting that her real name be withheld.
"It is so scary because I consider myself to be a smart and clued-in person, especially with what's going on with AI and scams in general. If I can get scammed, I feel this can happen to anybody."

 'Perfect storm'

Employment-related scams jumped by over 1,000 percent from May through July, a period when new graduates typically search for jobs, according to the US firm McAfee.
Nearly 1 in 3 Americans report receiving job offer scams via text message, highlighting how "these schemes have moved beyond email into our daily conversations," McAfee said.
The firm's research shows victims lost an average of $1,471 per scam, with $12 billion reported lost to fraud last year, a 21 percent increase compared to the previous year. 
"We're seeing a perfect storm of factors -- a tight labor market, where more people are urgently competing for fewer opportunities, is creating pressure that scammers exploit," Lisa Plaggemier, executive director of the nonprofit National Cybersecurity Alliance, told AFP.
"At the same time, generative AI has made it easier for bad actors to craft convincing fake postings, recruiter profiles, and even interview scripts.
"The combination means scams are harder to spot, and job seekers, especially first-time applicants, are more vulnerable than ever."
Becker's experience -- who immediately ceased all communication with the scammers -- illustrates a common scam tactic: fraudsters run a long con, counting on job seekers to let their guard down after clearing a few hurdles in the interview process.

 'Candidate fraud'

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recently warned consumers about "fake check scams," in which fraudsters pose as employers and send counterfeit checks, instructing victims to purchase equipment from selected vendors.
"If you get an offer that includes depositing a check and then using some of the money for any reason, that's a scam. Walk away," the FTC said.
Employers are also frequently targeted by scams.
In July, the FBI warned about North Korean scammers posing as Americans to "gain fraudulent employment and access to US company networks."
Further complicating the hiring landscape is the rapid advancement of AI tools, which have made virtual interviews increasingly prone to deception.
A recent survey of 3,000 job candidates conducted by the American firm Gartner found that six percent admitted to engaging in interview fraud -– either by impersonating someone else or having someone pose as them.
The firm estimates that by 2028, one in four candidate profiles worldwide will be fake.
In response, some companies that initially adopted AI tools to streamline hiring are now reintroducing face-to-face interviews at various stages of the recruitment process to safeguard against fraud.
"It's getting harder for employers to evaluate candidates' true abilities, and in some cases, their identities. Employers are increasingly concerned about candidate fraud," said Gartner's Jamie Kohn.
Such scams create "cybersecurity risks that can be far more serious than making a bad hire."
burs-ac/jgc